Vision IAS Mains 365 Science Technology 2019

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Vision IAS Mains 365 Science Technology 2019

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Vision IAS Mains 365 Science Technology 2019

1. BIOTECHNOLOGY___________________ 3
1.1. DNA Technology (Use and Application)
Regulation Bill ________________________ 3
1.2. Human Microbiome ________________ 3
1.3. Gene Editing ______________________ 4
1.4. Earth Biogenome Project ____________ 4
2. SPACE TECHNOLOGY ________________ 6
2.1. ISRO _____________________________ 6
2.1.1. Gaganyaan Mission __________________ 6
2.1.2. GSAT-11 ___________________________ 6
2.1.3. Hyperspectral Imaging Satellite (HYSIS) __ 7
2.1.4. Satellite Launch Vehicles by ISRO_______ 7
2.1.5. Young Scientist Programme (YUVIKA) ___ 8
2.2. NASA Missions in News _____________ 8
2.3. Other Space Missions in News _______ 10
2.4. Plan to Prevent Asteroid Attack ______ 12
2.5. Other Space Related Development in
India _______________________________ 12
2.5.1. India-Based Neutrino Observatory_____ 12
2.5.2. Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave
Observatory ____________________________ 13
2.5.3. Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation
(CMBR)________________________________ 13
2.5.4. India’s First Robotic Telescope ________ 14
2.5.5. Sunspot Cycle _____________________ 14
2.5.6. Exoplanet Discovered by India ________ 15
2.5.7. Particle Decay _____________________ 15
2.5.8. Earth’s Two Extra Hidden 'Moons' _____ 16
3. DEFENCE TECHNOLOGY _____________ 17
3.1. Integrated Guided Missile Development
Plan (IGDMP) ________________________ 17
3.1.1. Agni _____________________________ 17
3.1.2. PRITHVI __________________________ 17
3.1.3. NAG _____________________________ 17
3.1.4. Akash Missile______________________ 17
3.1.5. Trishul Missile _____________________ 17
3.2. INS Arihant ______________________ 18
3.3. Project 75(I) ______________________ 18
3.4. Smart Border Fence________________ 19
3.5. Drone Regulations in India __________ 19
3.6. Other Defence Projects in News______ 20
3.6.1. Solid Fuel Ducted Ramjet (SFDR) ______ 20
3.6.2. Missile Prahaar ____________________ 20
3.6.3. Milan-2t Anti-Tank Missiles __________ 20
3.6.4. Barak-8 Missile ____________________ 20
3.6.5. National Advance Surface to Air Missile
System-II (NASAMS) _____________________ 20
3.6.6. Avangard Hypersonic System _________ 21
3.6.7. Pinaka Rocket _____________________ 21
3.6.8. LCA Tejas _________________________ 21
3.6.9. Chinook Helicopters ________________ 21
3.6.10. Artillery Gun ‘Dhanush’_____________ 21

4. IT & COMPUTER___________________ 22
4.1. Data Protection ___________________ 22
4.2. Net Neutrality ____________________ 22
4.3. 5G ______________________________ 23
4.4. Digital Initiatives __________________ 23
4.4.1. National Digital Literacy Mission _______ 23
4.4.2. Digital Village Programme ____________ 23
4.4.3. Digital North-East Vision 2022_________ 24
4.4.4. Digital Payment ____________________ 24
4.5. Cryptocurrency ___________________ 25
4.6. Artificial Intelligence _______________ 26
4.7. Supercomputer ___________________ 27
4.8. Cyber-Physical Systems _____________ 28
4.9. Paris Call_________________________ 29
4.10. Gravityrat Malware _______________ 29
5. HEALTH _________________________ 31
5.1. Food and Health __________________ 31
5.1.1. Food Fortification___________________ 31
5.1.2. Eat Right India Movement ____________ 31
5.1.3. Repurpose Used Cooking Oil (RUCO) ___ 31
5.1.4. Trans Fat__________________________ 32
5.2. Pharmaceuticals __________________ 33
5.2.1. Antimicrobial Resistance _____________ 33
5.2.2. Fixed Dose Combinations (FDCs)_______ 34
5.2.3. National Medical Devices Promotion
Council ________________________________ 34
5.2.4. Animal-Free Testing for Drugs_________ 34
5.3. Viral Diseases_____________________ 35
5.3.1. Nipah Virus________________________ 35
5.3.2. Zika Virus _________________________ 35
5.3.3. Polio Virus ________________________ 36
5.3.4. Measles-Rubella____________________ 36
5.3.5. National Action Plan for Viral Hepatitis
Control ________________________________ 36
5.3.6. Chikungunya Virus __________________ 37
5.3.7. Quadrivalent Influenza Vaccine________ 37
5.4. Bacterial Diseases _________________ 38
5.4.1. WHO TB Report and Roadmap ________ 38
5.4.2. Leprosy in India ____________________ 39
5.4.3. Nepal Eliminates Trachoma___________ 40
5.5. Other News ______________________ 40
5.5.1. Triple Drug Therapy for Lymphatic Filariasis
(ELEPHANTIASIS) ________________________ 40
5.5.2. Rare Diseases ______________________ 40
5.5.3. ‘P Null’ Phenotype __________________ 41
5.5.4. Bacteria Wolbachia _________________ 41
5.5.5. WHO Publishes Essential Diagnostics List 41
5.5.6. Celiac disease ______________________ 41
6. IPR _____________________________ 43
6.1. WIPO Treaties ____________________ 43
6.2. IPrism ___________________________ 44
7. ALTERNATIVE ENERGY _____________ 45

7.1. India’s First Lithium Ion (Li-Ion) Battery
Project______________________________ 45
7.2. Thermal Battery __________________ 45
7.3. Hydrogen-CNG____________________ 45
7.4. World’s First Hydrogen Fuel Cell Train _ 46
7.5. Apsara-U ________________________ 46
7.6. World’s First Floating Nuclear Plant___ 47
8. RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT ________ 48
8.1. Prime Minister's Science Technology and
Innovation Council (PM-STIAC) __________ 48
8.2. Mission Innovation ________________ 48
8.3. Atal Tinkering Marathon____________ 48
8.4. Recent Initiatives Related to Research_ 49
9. AWARDS_________________________ 52
9.1. Noble Prizes 2018 _________________ 52
9.1.1. Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine __ 52
9.1.2. Nobel Prize in Physics _______________ 52
9.1.3. Nobel Prize in Chemistry_____________ 53
9.2. Fields Medal _____________________ 54
10. MISCELLANEOUS _________________ 55
10.1. Overhaul of SI Units ______________ 55

10.2. Call for Two Time Zones in India_____ 55
10.3. Coloured X-Ray on Human _________ 56
10.4. International Year of The Periodic Table
of Chemical Elements __________________ 56
10.5. Science-Based Targets_____________ 57
10.6. FASTag _________________________ 57
10.7. Dry Sorbent Injection (DSI) _________ 57
10.8. Artificial Leaf ____________________ 57
10.9. 106th Indian Science Congress ______ 58
10.10. Other Important News ___________ 58
10.10.1. New Element with Magnetic Properties
Discovered _____________________________ 58
10.10.2. Formalin ________________________ 58
10.10.3. Bisphenol A (BPA) ________________ 59
10.10.4. Shifting North Magnetic Pole _______ 59
10.10.5. Firecrackers Developed by CSIR _____ 59
10.10.6. Oneer __________________________ 59
10.10.7. Ideate for India___________________ 59
10.10.8. Telerobotic Surgery _______________ 59
10.10.9. CUSAT Stratosphere-Troposphere Radar
(CUSAT ST-205 Radar) ____________________ 59

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